Persistently alive but unaware (West, 2014), vegetative state patients are enduringly stuck in their transition between life and death – i.e., in a liminal hotspot. Thus, being paradoxically both/neither alive and/nor dead (Kaufman, 2005), these patients raise ontological, ethical, and legal dilemmas (Nettleton et al., 2014) and defy familiar categories of meaning and practice provided by medicine, law, and common sense. In this way, caregivers, legislators, and the wider public struggle to understand and manage these patients; such as understanding them as alive or managing their end-of-life (Kitzinger & Kitzinger, 2013). Drawing on social representations (Moscovici 1961/1976, 2008) and the liminality framework (Stenner et al., 2017), this thesis investigated how the vegetative state has been made sense and dealt with – i.e., de-paradoxified – by different groups and within different contexts. First, by analysing the press disseminating the topic, Study 1 investigated the relevance of the topic over time (1990-2019) and across different public spheres (e.g., India, Italy, and the UK). Moreover, this study also mapped and compared how the vegetative state was differently framed across these public spheres and in the communication of different newspapers (e.g., right, left, tabloid/religious). Second, by analysing the Italian parliamentarian debates (2009-2017), Study 2 investigated how the vegetative state was strategically represented by the left and right-wing coalitions to legitimise or delegitimise different bills regulating end-of-life action. Third, by analysing the accounts of family relatives and professionals, Study 3 investigated how the vegetative state was differently represented to signify their care practices and to position themselves in the nursing home. In this way, it was possible to account for how the vegetative state – as a liminal hotspot – was de-paradoxified in a group-characteristic way, reaching specific purposes and performing various functions in different social contexts. For instance, some results showed that the representations of the vegetative state managed to contextually re-personify the patient and – in turn – define their life as worth living and signify everyday care and life support. Conversely, by de-personifying the patient, it was possible to defend the opposite positions.

Clinicamente vivi ma privi di consapevolezza di sé (West, 2014), i pazienti in stato vegetativo sono bloccati nella loro transizione tra la vita e la morte, cioè in un hotspot liminale. Essendo paradossalmente sia vivi sia morti, né vivi né morti (Kaufman, 2005), questi pazienti sollevano dilemmi ontologici, etici e legali (Nettleton et al., 2014) e sfidano le tradizionali categorie di significato e i convenzionali sistemi di pratiche forniti dalla medicina, dalla legge e dal senso comune. In questo modo, caregiver, legislatori e il pubblico in generale faticano a comprendere e gestire questi pazienti; e.g., concettualizzarli come vivi o decidere rispetto al fine-vita (Kitzinger & Kitzinger, 2013). Attingendo dalla teoria delle rappresentazioni sociali (Moscovici 1961/1976, 2008) e al quadro teorico della liminalità (Stenner et al., 2017), questa tesi ha indagato come lo stato vegetativo sia compreso e gestito - cioè de-paradossificato - da diversi gruppi e in diversi contesti. In primo luogo, analizzando la stampa che ha divulgato l'argomento, lo Studio 1 ha indagato la rilevanza del tema nel tempo (1990-2019) e in diversi paesi (e.g., in India, in Italia e in Regno Unito). Inoltre, questo studio ha anche mappato e confrontato il modo in cui lo stato vegetativo è stato diversamente rappresentato in questi paesi e nella comunicazione di diversi giornali (e.g.,, destra, sinistra, tabloid/religiosi). In secondo luogo, analizzando i dibattiti parlamentari italiani (2009-2017), lo Studio 2 ha indagato come lo stato vegetativo sia stato strategicamente rappresentato dalle coalizioni di destra e di sinistra per legittimare o delegittimare diverse proposte di legge sul fine vita. In terzo luogo, analizzando i racconti di familiari e professionisti, lo Studio 3 ha indagato le loro rappresentazioni dello stato vegetativo e come queste siano state funzionali a significare le loro pratiche di assistenza e a legittimare i loro diversi posizionamenti all'interno della casa di cura. In questo modo, è stato possibile spiegare come lo stato vegetativo - in quanto hotspot liminale - sia stato de-paradossificato da diversi gruppi, raggiungendo scopi specifici e svolgendo varie funzioni in diversi contesti sociali. Ad esempio, i risultati hanno mostrato che le rappresentazioni dello stato vegetativo sono riuscite a ri-personificare contestualmente i pazienti e - di conseguenza - sia a definire la loro vita come degna di essere vissuta, sia a significare le pratiche di assistenza quotidiana ed i trattamenti terapeutici; e.g., l’idratazione e l’alimentazione. Al contrario, de-personificando il paziente, è stato possibile difendere le posizioni opposte.

(2023). Representing liminality: An integrated psycho-social examination of the vegetative state. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).

Representing liminality: An integrated psycho-social examination of the vegetative state

ZULATO, EDOARDO
2023

Abstract

Persistently alive but unaware (West, 2014), vegetative state patients are enduringly stuck in their transition between life and death – i.e., in a liminal hotspot. Thus, being paradoxically both/neither alive and/nor dead (Kaufman, 2005), these patients raise ontological, ethical, and legal dilemmas (Nettleton et al., 2014) and defy familiar categories of meaning and practice provided by medicine, law, and common sense. In this way, caregivers, legislators, and the wider public struggle to understand and manage these patients; such as understanding them as alive or managing their end-of-life (Kitzinger & Kitzinger, 2013). Drawing on social representations (Moscovici 1961/1976, 2008) and the liminality framework (Stenner et al., 2017), this thesis investigated how the vegetative state has been made sense and dealt with – i.e., de-paradoxified – by different groups and within different contexts. First, by analysing the press disseminating the topic, Study 1 investigated the relevance of the topic over time (1990-2019) and across different public spheres (e.g., India, Italy, and the UK). Moreover, this study also mapped and compared how the vegetative state was differently framed across these public spheres and in the communication of different newspapers (e.g., right, left, tabloid/religious). Second, by analysing the Italian parliamentarian debates (2009-2017), Study 2 investigated how the vegetative state was strategically represented by the left and right-wing coalitions to legitimise or delegitimise different bills regulating end-of-life action. Third, by analysing the accounts of family relatives and professionals, Study 3 investigated how the vegetative state was differently represented to signify their care practices and to position themselves in the nursing home. In this way, it was possible to account for how the vegetative state – as a liminal hotspot – was de-paradoxified in a group-characteristic way, reaching specific purposes and performing various functions in different social contexts. For instance, some results showed that the representations of the vegetative state managed to contextually re-personify the patient and – in turn – define their life as worth living and signify everyday care and life support. Conversely, by de-personifying the patient, it was possible to defend the opposite positions.
MONTALI, LORENZO
BAUER, MARTIN W.
Stato vegetativo; Hotspot liminali; Rappresentazioni; Metodi qualitativi; Ri-personificazione
Vegetative state; Liminal hotspots; Representations; Qualitative methods; Re-personification
M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE
English
16-mag-2023
35
2021/2022
embargoed_20260516
(2023). Representing liminality: An integrated psycho-social examination of the vegetative state. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/415676
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