The thesis, presented as a collection of three studies, explores the relationship between socio-communicative skills and narrative abilities in autistic school-aged children. Autism Spectrum Disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by an impairment of social communication, accompanied by restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. The growing evidence regarding the prevalence of this diagnosis and its impact on individuals' quality of life underscores the urgent need to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of the disorder. The ability of autistic individuals to form meaningful social relationships with their peers is often hindered by difficulties in social communication. This deficit can impact the development of language and expressive skills in autistic children from an early age. School-aged children with social communication impairments produce less complex and coherent stories than their neurotypical peers. However, narrative competence is a crucial aspect of identity development and impacts the ability to form relationships with others through storytelling. Consequently, this research project seeks to examine the relationship between various dimensions of social competence and the narrative abilities exhibited by autistic children in a storytelling task. The study aims to explore the evolution of narrative performance over time and identify potential predictors for developing narrative skills. The participants are autistic children and adolescents involved in psycho-educational projects conducted in small groups at the Mafalda Luce Center for Autism and Developmental Age, in Milan. The longitudinal study involved children, parents, and educators (reference professional of each psychoeducational project) for two years of rehabilitation, from October 2022 to May 2024. At the beginning and end of each rehabilitation year, an assessment battery was administered to monitor the evolution of social skills and narrative abilities. Children’s narrative performance was assessed through the Narrative Competence Task, which aimed to evaluate the production of a story supported by pictures. At the same time, parents and educators filled out two questionnaires to profile the children's social skills: Autism Spectrum Disorders Behavior Inventory and Stanford Social Dimensions Scale. The results confirmed the significant correlation between different dimensional aspects of social skills and the ability to tell a story. In particular, autistic children with higher social skills showed better narrative performance. In addition, the stories supported by images have been significantly enriched during a year of rehabilitation. This result was achieved regardless of the child’s level of functioning, with a positive evolution in narrative performance for both high and low-functioning children. Finally, mastering social communication and reducing the behaviors linked to rituals and stereotypes are significant predictors of creating more complex and coherent stories. The study confirms the close correlation between social skills and narrative performance. The results suggest that the clinical approach should be oriented towards strengthening the social dimensions predictive of a possible improvement in narrative skills. In particular, the development trajectories that emerged validate the choice to include verbal autistic children with different levels of functioning in treatments aimed at developing socio-communicative skills. Future studies should focus on verifying effective intervention models to enhance the development of narrative skills.
La tesi ha lo scopo di indagare la relazione tra competenze sociocomunicative e abilità narrative in bambini autistici di età scolare. I Disturbi dello Spettro Autistico (ASD) sono un insieme di condizioni neuroevolutive caratterizzate da difficoltà nella comunicazione sociale accompagnate da attività ed interessi ristretti e ripetitivi. I dati crescenti rispetto alla prevalenza della diagnosi e il suo impatto sulla qualità di vita evidenziano l’urgenza di indagare le caratteristiche fenotipiche di tale disturbo. Infatti, la possibilità di persone autistiche di instaurare soddisfacenti relazioni sociali con i pari è compromessa dalle loro difficoltà sociocomunicative. Tale deficit si riflette sul potenziale sviluppo delle capacità linguistiche e espressive del bambino autistico dai primi anni di vita. In età scolare la compromissione della comunicazione sociale si riscontra nella produzione di racconti meno complessi e coerenti rispetto ai pari neurotipici. Tuttavia, la competenza narrativa è un elemento fondamentale per lo sviluppo identitario e ha ricadute sulla possibilità di instaurare una relazione con l’altro a partire dalla capacità di raccontare. Pertanto, questo progetto di ricerca si propone di analizzare la relazione tra le diverse dimensioni del costrutto di competenza sociale e le capacità narrative dimostrate dal bambino autistico in un compito di storytelling. Lo studio è finalizzato a indagare l’evoluzione delle performance narrative nel tempo e individuare i possibili predittori dello sviluppo delle competenze narrative. I partecipanti sono bambini autistici di età scolare inseriti in progetti psicoeducativi realizzati in piccolo gruppo presso il Centro Mafalda Luce per l’Autismo e l’Età Evolutiva, a Milano. Lo studio longitudinale ha coinvolto bambini, genitori ed educatori (professionisti di riferimento dei progetti psicoeducativi) per due anni riabilitativi. È stata somministrata all’inizio e al termine di ogni anno riabilitativo la batteria di valutazioni finalizzata a monitorare l’evoluzione delle competenze sociali e delle capacità narrative. Le performance narrative dei bambini sono state valutate attraverso il Narrative Competence Task con la somministrazione di un compito di storytelling supportato da immagini. Parallelamente, genitori e educatori hanno compilato i questionari finalizzati a individuare le competenze sociali dei bambini: ASD Behavior Inventory e Stanford Social Dimensions Scale. I risultati hanno confermato la significativa correlazione tra diversi aspetti dimensionali delle competenze sociali e la capacità di raccontare una storia. In particolare, i bambini autistici con maggiori competenze sociali hanno dimostrato migliori performance narrative. Inoltre, i racconti supportati da immagini si sono arricchiti significativamente nel corso di un anno riabilitativo. Tale risultato è stato raggiunto indipendentemente dal livello di funzionamento dei bambini, con un’evoluzione positiva della performance narrativa sia per bambini con alto che con basso funzionamento. Infine, sono emersi come significativi predittori del racconto di storie più complesse e coerenti una maggior padronanza della componente di comunicazione sociale e la riduzione delle manifestazioni comportamentali associate all’attuazione di rituali e stereotipie. Lo studio conferma la stretta correlazione tra competenze sociali e performance narrative. I risultati suggeriscono di orientare l’approccio clinico verso il rinforzo delle dimensioni sociali predittive di un possibile miglioramento nelle capacità narrative. In particolare, le traiettorie di sviluppo emerse convalidano la scelta di includere bambini autistici verbali con diversi livelli di funzionamento in trattamenti mirati allo sviluppo delle competenze socio comunicative. Studi futuri dovrebbero focalizzarsi sulla verifica di modelli di intervento efficaci nel favorire lo sviluppo delle competenze narrative.
(2025). A longitudinal study on the relationship between socio-communicative skills and narrative competence in school-age autistic children. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2025).
A longitudinal study on the relationship between socio-communicative skills and narrative competence in school-age autistic children
FERRARI, ANNA
2025
Abstract
The thesis, presented as a collection of three studies, explores the relationship between socio-communicative skills and narrative abilities in autistic school-aged children. Autism Spectrum Disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions characterized by an impairment of social communication, accompanied by restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests. The growing evidence regarding the prevalence of this diagnosis and its impact on individuals' quality of life underscores the urgent need to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of the disorder. The ability of autistic individuals to form meaningful social relationships with their peers is often hindered by difficulties in social communication. This deficit can impact the development of language and expressive skills in autistic children from an early age. School-aged children with social communication impairments produce less complex and coherent stories than their neurotypical peers. However, narrative competence is a crucial aspect of identity development and impacts the ability to form relationships with others through storytelling. Consequently, this research project seeks to examine the relationship between various dimensions of social competence and the narrative abilities exhibited by autistic children in a storytelling task. The study aims to explore the evolution of narrative performance over time and identify potential predictors for developing narrative skills. The participants are autistic children and adolescents involved in psycho-educational projects conducted in small groups at the Mafalda Luce Center for Autism and Developmental Age, in Milan. The longitudinal study involved children, parents, and educators (reference professional of each psychoeducational project) for two years of rehabilitation, from October 2022 to May 2024. At the beginning and end of each rehabilitation year, an assessment battery was administered to monitor the evolution of social skills and narrative abilities. Children’s narrative performance was assessed through the Narrative Competence Task, which aimed to evaluate the production of a story supported by pictures. At the same time, parents and educators filled out two questionnaires to profile the children's social skills: Autism Spectrum Disorders Behavior Inventory and Stanford Social Dimensions Scale. The results confirmed the significant correlation between different dimensional aspects of social skills and the ability to tell a story. In particular, autistic children with higher social skills showed better narrative performance. In addition, the stories supported by images have been significantly enriched during a year of rehabilitation. This result was achieved regardless of the child’s level of functioning, with a positive evolution in narrative performance for both high and low-functioning children. Finally, mastering social communication and reducing the behaviors linked to rituals and stereotypes are significant predictors of creating more complex and coherent stories. The study confirms the close correlation between social skills and narrative performance. The results suggest that the clinical approach should be oriented towards strengthening the social dimensions predictive of a possible improvement in narrative skills. In particular, the development trajectories that emerged validate the choice to include verbal autistic children with different levels of functioning in treatments aimed at developing socio-communicative skills. Future studies should focus on verifying effective intervention models to enhance the development of narrative skills.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
phd_unimib_845469.pdf
accesso aperto
Descrizione: Tesi PhD Executive Ferrari Anna
Tipologia di allegato:
Doctoral thesis
Dimensione
1.55 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
1.55 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.