For the medieval ius commune fraud and duress in contract law were deemed to share the same nature, since they both harmed aequitas. Their relationship was characterized by mutual influence, as it is clear throughout the historical development of the ideas about them. Since the beginning of the School of Bologna, legal scholars focused particularly on the effects that dolus and metus caused on contracts: original long-lasting theories were elaborated about them starting from Roman law. After a first phase in which the attention was concentrated above all on the criminal nature of the behaviours constituting fraud and duress, medieval jurists focused on the problem of the interaction between them and consent (an essential element of every contract) in order to accurately determine their distinguishing features and their effects on contracts.
È opinione condivisa tra gli autori del diritto comune che dolo e violenza contrattuale condividano la stessa natura, poiché entrambi violano l’aequitas. Il loro legame, caratterizzato da reciproche influenze, emerge chiaramente durante tutto lo sviluppo storico delle idee che li riguardano. In particolar modo, sin dagli albori della scuola di Bologna la scienza giuridica medievale si concentra sugli effetti che dolus e metus provocano sul contratto e, partendo dalle fonti di diritto romano, elabora sul tema originali teorie dalla lunga durata. Dopo una prima fase focalizzata soprattutto sulla natura delittuosa delle condotte che costituiscono dolo e violenza, l’attenzione dei giuristi si concentra sull’interazione tra essi e il consenso – elemento essenziale di ogni contratto – per determinare con precisione i loro tratti distintivi e i loro effetti sui contratti.
Massironi, A. (2013). Alcune note su dolo e violenza contrattuale nel diritto comune. RIVISTA INTERNAZIONALE DI DIRITTO COMUNE, 24, 241-277.
Alcune note su dolo e violenza contrattuale nel diritto comune
MASSIRONI, ANDREA GIOVANNI
2013
Abstract
For the medieval ius commune fraud and duress in contract law were deemed to share the same nature, since they both harmed aequitas. Their relationship was characterized by mutual influence, as it is clear throughout the historical development of the ideas about them. Since the beginning of the School of Bologna, legal scholars focused particularly on the effects that dolus and metus caused on contracts: original long-lasting theories were elaborated about them starting from Roman law. After a first phase in which the attention was concentrated above all on the criminal nature of the behaviours constituting fraud and duress, medieval jurists focused on the problem of the interaction between them and consent (an essential element of every contract) in order to accurately determine their distinguishing features and their effects on contracts.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.