Automate the process of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded blocks storage in the pathology laboratory: A proof of concept study

Pathology laboratories are currently facing remarkable issues in the management of their archives due to the ongoing increase in the production of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) blocks, which is often coupled with inadequate spatial and environmental storing conditions. The manual process of storage and retrieving further increases the likelihood of human-based mistakes, wastes professionals' working time, and, ultimately, widens reports signing turn-around times. In the present work, we outline the strategies underlying the development of an automated archive at the pathology services of the University of Modena. The proposed project relies on the controlled interaction of a mechanic robotic arm with racks and shelves in a fully traced manner, driven by the integration with the local laboratory information system (LIS). This automated archive aims to significantly improve the time-saving of laboratory professionals and standardize the storage of FFPE samples both before and after the pathology diagnosis is rendered. The system's modularity suits the needs and spaces of the different institutions, opening novel strategies in archiving thanks to its connection with the LIS and integration with artificial intelligence algorithms.