A critical review of multiscale modeling for predictive understanding of cancer cell metabolism

Metabolism, whose reprogramming is an established cancer hallmark, promotes growth and proliferation in cancer cells. Genome-wide metabolic models are becoming increasingly capable of describing cancer growth. Multiscale models may allow the capture of other relevant features of cancer cells and their relationship with the tumor microenvironment. The merging of multiscale metabolic modeling and artificial intelligence can lead to a paradigm shift in oncology, possibly leading to patient-specific personalized digital twins.