In the framework of intercultural competence, global competence, and concerning the importance of equitable and inclusive schools underlined by the Agenda 2030, this investigation focuses on 'intercultural sensitivity' as defined by Bennett's Dynamic Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS). The research design elaborates a correlational and qualitative Mixed Methods approach regarding intercultural sensitivity among a sample of students (n:138) from secondary schools in Italy. The research explored and measured students' intercultural sensitivity and some variables related to it, with a particular focus on the contribution of artistic practice, through an innovative questionnaire tested in this study, the Intercultural Sensitivity Questionnaire for Italian Schools (ISQIS). The questionnaire was validated through exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient in three of its six dimensions of the intercultural sensitivity continuum (denial, minimization, and acceptance). To collect pertinent contextual data, one teacher in each class (n:7) answered a qualitative questionnaire. The two instruments were tested with pre-tests on a convenience sample. For the qualitative study, the students (n:88) took part in a guided group discussion, followed by the completion of the questionnaire, to emphasize their opinions about their own school experience and the topic of intercultural sensitivity. The students reflected on the importance of intercultural sensitivity, raising awareness of it. A collective and original definition of intercultural sensitivity emerged from the data. This qualitative part also made it possible to identify, from a student's perspective, elements that are important for developing intercultural sensitivity and elements that represent barriers to it. In addition to validating at least three dimensions of the scale ISQIS, the quantitative results revealed the students' positioning along the continuum of intercultural sensitivity and highlighted several correlations among the variables under investigation. With consideration of the most important ones, statistically significant correlations emerged between having friendships with people from different cultural backgrounds and open-mindedness; possessing open- mindedness and exhibiting a habit of interacting with people of different cultural backgrounds; demonstrating open- mindedness and positioning along a continuum of intercultural sensitivity at the stage of acceptance. The new ISQIS questionnaire also offers useful indicators to detect the application of intercultural pedagogy at school and the quality of the active and democratic teaching environment, highlighting among the students the widespread feeling of boredom and the correlation between boredom and frontal teaching predominantly practiced in the classrooms. The research took care of the ethical aspects through compliance with the Bicocca University guidelines, the anonymity of the participants, the use of the disclaimers for informed processing and the data processing form in accordance with GDPR 2016/679. The thesis consists of five chapters. Having presented the theoretical background and the literature review, in the second chapter the focus shifts to the measurement of intercultural sensitivity and the explanation of the variables included in the study. The third chapter presents the methodology, research questions, hypotheses, sampling and instruments. Among the research instruments, the thesis gives space in particular to the ISQIS questionnaire through an explanation of how it was constructed and tested. The chapter closes with a reflection on the main points of innovativeness and limitations of the research. The fourth chapter answers the research questions through the presentation of the collected data, which are then discussed in the following chapter. The thesis closes by examining some future outlooks and suggestions for future research.
All’interno della cornice della pedagogia interculturale e globale, con riferimento ai costrutti di competenza relativi a questi ambiti e all’Agenda 2030, questa ricerca tratta la “sensibilità interculturale” così come definita dal Modello Dinamico di Sensibilità Interculturale (DMIS) di Bennett. La tesi espone il percorso e i risultati di uno studio Mixed Methods sequenziale esplorativo, correlazionale e qualitativo, con oggetto la sensibilità interculturale su un campione ragionato di studenti e studentesse (n:138) di scuole secondarie di secondo grado della Lombardia. La ricerca ha esplorato e misurato la sensibilità interculturale degli studenti e alcune variabili correlate ad essa, con una particolare attenzione al contributo della pratica artistica, attraverso un nuovo questionario sperimentato in questo studio, l’Intercultural Sensitivity Questionnaire for Italian Schools (ISQIS). Il questionario è stato validato attraverso analisi fattoriale esplorativa e il coefficiente alpha di Cronbach in 3 delle sue 6 dimensioni del continuum di sensibilità interculturale (difesa, minimizzazione e accettazione). Al fine di raccogliere alcuni dati di contesto, un insegnante per classe (n:7) ha risposto ad un questionario qualitativo. I due strumenti sono stati sperimentati con pre-test su un campione di convenienza. Per lo studio qualitativo, studenti e studentesse (n:88) hanno svolto una discussione guidata al fine di dare rilievo alle loro opinioni rispetto alla propria esperienza scolastica e al tema della sensibilità interculturale. I partecipanti hanno riflettuto sull’importanza della sensibilità interculturale, aumentando la consapevolezza su di essa fino a far emergere una loro definizione collettiva e originale di sensibilità interculturale. Questa parte qualitativa inoltre ha consentito di identificare, nella prospettiva degli studenti, gli elementi importanti per sviluppare tale sensibilità e quelli che rappresentano una barriera. I risultati quantitativi, oltre ad aver validato almeno tre dimensioni della nuova scala ISQIS, hanno reso possibile conoscere il posizionamento degli studenti lungo il continuum di sensibilità interculturale e hanno evidenziato diverse correlazioni tra le variabili oggetto della ricerca discusse all’interno della tesi. In particolare si segnalano le correlazioni emerse tra: avere amicizie con persone di background culturale differente e l’apertura mentale; avere apertura mentale e l'abitudine a relazionarsi con persone di background culturale differente; avere apertura mentale e un posizionamento lungo un continuum di sensibilità interculturale nello stadio dell’accettazione. Lo strumento ISQIS offre inoltre indicatori rispetto l’applicazione di una pedagogia interculturale a scuola e la qualità dell’ ambiente didattico attivo e democratico, mettendo in luce una diffusa sensazione di noia tra gli studenti e la sua correlazione con la didattica frontale prevalente. La ricerca, ha avuto cura degli aspetti etici attraverso il rispetto delle linee guida dell’Università Bicocca, l’anonimato dei partecipanti, l’uso delle liberatorie per il trattamento informato e del modulo trattamento dati in conformità al GDPR 2016/679. La tesi si compone di cinque capitoli. Partendo dallo sfondo teorico e la revisione della letteratura, nel secondo capitolo l’attenzione si sposta sulla misurazione della sensibilità interculturale e l’esplicazione delle variabili incluse nello studio. Il terzo capitolo presenta il disegno e la metodologia di ricerca, focalizzandosi poi su uno degli elementi originali dello studio, il questionario ISQIS. Il capitolo chiude con una riflessione sui principali punti di innovatività e limiti della ricerca. Con il quarto capitolo si risponde alle domande di ricerca attraverso alla presentazione dei dati raccolti, discussi poi nel capitolo successivo. La tesi chiude attraverso la disamina di alcune possibili strade future.
(2024). ESPLORARE E MISURARE LA SENSIBILITÀ INTERCULTURALE A SCUOLA: UNA RICERCA MIXED METHODS CORRELAZIONALE E QUALITATIVA. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2024).
ESPLORARE E MISURARE LA SENSIBILITÀ INTERCULTURALE A SCUOLA: UNA RICERCA MIXED METHODS CORRELAZIONALE E QUALITATIVA
MAIORANO, ALESSANDRA ANNA
2024
Abstract
In the framework of intercultural competence, global competence, and concerning the importance of equitable and inclusive schools underlined by the Agenda 2030, this investigation focuses on 'intercultural sensitivity' as defined by Bennett's Dynamic Model of Intercultural Sensitivity (DMIS). The research design elaborates a correlational and qualitative Mixed Methods approach regarding intercultural sensitivity among a sample of students (n:138) from secondary schools in Italy. The research explored and measured students' intercultural sensitivity and some variables related to it, with a particular focus on the contribution of artistic practice, through an innovative questionnaire tested in this study, the Intercultural Sensitivity Questionnaire for Italian Schools (ISQIS). The questionnaire was validated through exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha coefficient in three of its six dimensions of the intercultural sensitivity continuum (denial, minimization, and acceptance). To collect pertinent contextual data, one teacher in each class (n:7) answered a qualitative questionnaire. The two instruments were tested with pre-tests on a convenience sample. For the qualitative study, the students (n:88) took part in a guided group discussion, followed by the completion of the questionnaire, to emphasize their opinions about their own school experience and the topic of intercultural sensitivity. The students reflected on the importance of intercultural sensitivity, raising awareness of it. A collective and original definition of intercultural sensitivity emerged from the data. This qualitative part also made it possible to identify, from a student's perspective, elements that are important for developing intercultural sensitivity and elements that represent barriers to it. In addition to validating at least three dimensions of the scale ISQIS, the quantitative results revealed the students' positioning along the continuum of intercultural sensitivity and highlighted several correlations among the variables under investigation. With consideration of the most important ones, statistically significant correlations emerged between having friendships with people from different cultural backgrounds and open-mindedness; possessing open- mindedness and exhibiting a habit of interacting with people of different cultural backgrounds; demonstrating open- mindedness and positioning along a continuum of intercultural sensitivity at the stage of acceptance. The new ISQIS questionnaire also offers useful indicators to detect the application of intercultural pedagogy at school and the quality of the active and democratic teaching environment, highlighting among the students the widespread feeling of boredom and the correlation between boredom and frontal teaching predominantly practiced in the classrooms. The research took care of the ethical aspects through compliance with the Bicocca University guidelines, the anonymity of the participants, the use of the disclaimers for informed processing and the data processing form in accordance with GDPR 2016/679. The thesis consists of five chapters. Having presented the theoretical background and the literature review, in the second chapter the focus shifts to the measurement of intercultural sensitivity and the explanation of the variables included in the study. The third chapter presents the methodology, research questions, hypotheses, sampling and instruments. Among the research instruments, the thesis gives space in particular to the ISQIS questionnaire through an explanation of how it was constructed and tested. The chapter closes with a reflection on the main points of innovativeness and limitations of the research. The fourth chapter answers the research questions through the presentation of the collected data, which are then discussed in the following chapter. The thesis closes by examining some future outlooks and suggestions for future research.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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Descrizione: Tesi di dottorato Maiorano Alessandra Anna revisionata 875385
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Doctoral thesis
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