Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a rare bone marrow (BM) failure disorder. BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from SDS patients display in vitro and in vivo angiogenic impairment compared to healthy donor (HD)-MSCs. Interestingly, pathological angiogenesis is entwined with altered metabolism, and antioxidants could represent a novel strategy to target angiogenic defects. Hence, we aimed to characterize SDS-MSCs angiogenic defect, focusing on the potential metabolic driver alterations. Additionally, we investigated whether antioxidants may restore their impaired angiogenic potential. Importantly, we demonstrated that the angiogenic capability to form in vitro capillary-like networks in SDS-MSCs was significantly reduced compared to HD-MSCs in a Matrigel-based assay. Moreover, SDS-MSCs gene expression profiling revealed downregulated genes involved in oxidative metabolism. Hence, we demonstrated that SDS-MSCs drastically reduced mitochondrial ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption levels, associated with a fusion/fission dynamics imbalance. The ATP/AMP ratio was 70% reduced in SDS-MSCs, with a significant anaerobic glycolysis enhancement. Moreover, SDS-MSCs showed double levels of oxidative damage markers compared to HD-MSCs, and iron overload. Thus, we treated SDS-MSCs with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a widely used antioxidant. Interestingly, NAC-treated SDS-MSCs completely restored the mitochondrial efficiency, the energetic impairment, and the oxidative damage. Furthermore, NAC significantly recovered SDS-MSCs angiogenic potential to recreate capillary-like networks. As in vitro results, SDS-MSCs in vivo angiogenic potential was deficient to support the formation of perfused vessels. Interestingly, SDS-MSCs in NAC-treated mice improved their ability to sustain angiogenesis. To confirm antioxidants therapeutic potential, SDS-MSCs were stimulated with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a potent antioxidant at very low concentrations. In accordance with NAC treatments, DMSO-stimulated SDS-MSCs restored in vitro and in vivo angiogenic impairment and the metabolic alterations. Finally, SDS angiogenic anomalies were further validated in SDS BM biopsies. In conclusion, we demonstrated that SDS angiogenic impairment was driven by metabolic alterations. Importantly, antioxidants treatment restored mutually metabolic and angiogenic impairments, proposing as promising SDS therapeutic approach.

La Sindrome di Shwachman-Diamond (SDS) è una malattia rara caratterizzata da insufficienza midollare. Le cellule mesenchimali stromali (MSC) derivanti dal midollo osseo di pazienti SDS mostrano un difetto del potenziale angiogenico in vitro e in vivo rispetto alle MSC di donatori sani (HD). La letteratura riporta come un’angiogenesi patologica possa essere strettamente correlata ad alterazioni metaboliche. In questo contesto, gli antiossidanti si propongono come nuova strategia terapeutica per revertire difetti angiogenici. Lo scopo del nostro lavoro è stato quindi quello di caratterizzare il difetto angiogenico delle SDS-MSC, focalizzando la nostra attenzione sulle potenziali alterazioni metaboliche che lo causano. Inoltre, abbiamo indagato se gli antiossidanti potessero ripristinare il potenziale angiogenico compromesso delle SDS-MSC. I nostri risultati hanno dimostrato come la capacità angiogenica delle SDS-MSC di formare strutture simil-capillari sia significativamente ridotta rispetto a quella delle HD-MSC in un saggio angiogenico in vitro su Matrigel. Inoltre, l’analisi di espressione genica delle SDS-MSC ha rilevato la presenza di geni down-regolati associati al metabolismo ossidativo. Abbiamo quindi dimostrato come le SDS-MSC mostrino una drastica riduzione della sintesi di ATP e dei livelli di consumo di ossigeno mitocondriali, associati ad uno squilibrio tra i processi dinamici di fusione e fissione. Il rapporto ATP/AMP è ridotto del 70% nelle SDS-MSC, insieme ad un aumento significativo della glicolisi anaerobica. Inoltre, le SDS-MSC mostrano livelli doppi dei markers di danno ossidativo e un accumulo di ferro intracellulare. Abbiamo quindi trattato le SDS-MSC con N-Acetilcisteina (NAC), un comune antiossidante. Le SDS-MSC trattate con NAC ripristinano completamente l'efficienza mitocondriale, il difetto energetico e il danno ossidativo. Inoltre, il NAC è in grado di correggere il difettivo potenziale angiogenico delle SDS-MSC nel formare network simil-capillari. In aggiunta, coerentemente ai risultati ottenuti in vitro, abbiamo dimostrato come le SDS-MSC siano incapaci in vivo di supportare la formazione di vasi perfusi e come invece il trattamento con NAC ne migliori la capacità di sostenere l'angiogenesi. Al fine di confermare il potenziale terapeutico degli antiossidanti, le SDS-MSC sono state trattate con dimetilsolfossido (DMSO), che agisce come potente antiossidante a basse concentrazioni. In accordo con i nostri precedenti dati, le SDS-MSC stimolate con DMSO rispristinano il difetto angiogenico in vitro e in vivo e correggono le alterazioni metaboliche. Infine, la presenza di anomalie angiogeniche è stata ulteriormente confermata in biopsie midollari di pazienti SDS. In conclusione, abbiamo dimostrato come il difetto angiogenico osservato nelle SDS-MSC sia associato ad alterazioni metaboliche. Inoltre, il trattamento con antiossidanti è in grado di ripristinare il profilo metabolico delle SDS-MSCs e di correggere l’alterato potenziale angiogenico, proponendosi come un promettente approccio terapeutico per il trattamento di questa malattia rara.

(2024). Antioxidants as a new potential therapy for altered angiogenesis and metabolism in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome stromal niche. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2024).

Antioxidants as a new potential therapy for altered angiogenesis and metabolism in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome stromal niche

GERVASONI, CLARISSA
2024

Abstract

Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome (SDS) is a rare bone marrow (BM) failure disorder. BM mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from SDS patients display in vitro and in vivo angiogenic impairment compared to healthy donor (HD)-MSCs. Interestingly, pathological angiogenesis is entwined with altered metabolism, and antioxidants could represent a novel strategy to target angiogenic defects. Hence, we aimed to characterize SDS-MSCs angiogenic defect, focusing on the potential metabolic driver alterations. Additionally, we investigated whether antioxidants may restore their impaired angiogenic potential. Importantly, we demonstrated that the angiogenic capability to form in vitro capillary-like networks in SDS-MSCs was significantly reduced compared to HD-MSCs in a Matrigel-based assay. Moreover, SDS-MSCs gene expression profiling revealed downregulated genes involved in oxidative metabolism. Hence, we demonstrated that SDS-MSCs drastically reduced mitochondrial ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption levels, associated with a fusion/fission dynamics imbalance. The ATP/AMP ratio was 70% reduced in SDS-MSCs, with a significant anaerobic glycolysis enhancement. Moreover, SDS-MSCs showed double levels of oxidative damage markers compared to HD-MSCs, and iron overload. Thus, we treated SDS-MSCs with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a widely used antioxidant. Interestingly, NAC-treated SDS-MSCs completely restored the mitochondrial efficiency, the energetic impairment, and the oxidative damage. Furthermore, NAC significantly recovered SDS-MSCs angiogenic potential to recreate capillary-like networks. As in vitro results, SDS-MSCs in vivo angiogenic potential was deficient to support the formation of perfused vessels. Interestingly, SDS-MSCs in NAC-treated mice improved their ability to sustain angiogenesis. To confirm antioxidants therapeutic potential, SDS-MSCs were stimulated with dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), a potent antioxidant at very low concentrations. In accordance with NAC treatments, DMSO-stimulated SDS-MSCs restored in vitro and in vivo angiogenic impairment and the metabolic alterations. Finally, SDS angiogenic anomalies were further validated in SDS BM biopsies. In conclusion, we demonstrated that SDS angiogenic impairment was driven by metabolic alterations. Importantly, antioxidants treatment restored mutually metabolic and angiogenic impairments, proposing as promising SDS therapeutic approach.
BIONDI, ANDREA
Shwachman-Diamond; Cellule mesenchimali; Angiogenesi; Metabolismo; Antiossidanti
Shwachman-Diamond; Mesenchymal cells; Angiogenesis; Metabolism; Antioxidants
MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE
Italian
22-mag-2024
36
2022/2023
embargoed_20270522
(2024). Antioxidants as a new potential therapy for altered angiogenesis and metabolism in Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome stromal niche. (Tesi di dottorato, , 2024).
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/480845
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