The correct 3D organization of the genome is known to influence the spatiotemporal expression of lineage-specific genes during stem cell differentiation and aging processes. We introduce a novel evolution of the SAMMY-seq technique to precisely map genomic regions separated by their biochemical properties. This single-handedly technique enables the identification of heterochromatic and euchromatic domains and their compartmentalization in the nuclear space. Crucial practical advantages of this method include: its applicability on as little as 10K cells; reduced costs; few manipulation steps and short execution time. In postnatal Muscle Stem Cells (MuSCs) we observed a reproducible distribution of euchromatic and heterochromatic genomic domains, in line with known epigenetic signatures. Our findings highlight how MuSCs over life exhibit a global steady chromatin organization, accompanied by solubility changes that favour processes such as MuSCs activation but may become obstacles during aging for proper pool maintenance. Still, we describe environmental alterations of the muscle niche, emphasizing a supportive population of MuSCs, namely Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), which exhibit dramatic transcriptional alterations during aging. Our extensive characterization of the environment and chromatin organization in MuSCs expands our understanding of quiescence, activation and aging processes, laying the groundwork for the study of the role of the epigenome in pathological conditions.
È noto che la corretta organizzazione tridimensionale del genoma influenza l'espressione spazio-temporale dei geni specifici del “lignaggio” durante i processi di differenziamento e invecchiamento delle cellule staminali. Abbiamo messo a punto una nuova versione della tecnica SAMMY-seq per mappare con precisione regioni genomiche separate per proprietà biochimiche. Questa tecnica consente di identificare i domini eterocromatici ed eucromatici e la loro compartimentalizzazione nel nucleo. I vantaggi pratici cruciali di questo metodo includono: la sua applicabilità su appena 10mila cellule; costi ridotti; poche fasi di manipolazione e tempi di esecuzione brevi. Nelle cellule staminali muscolari postnatali (MuSC) abbiamo osservato una distribuzione riproducibile dei domini genomici eucromatici ed eterocromatici, in linea con le modificazioni epigenetiche note. I nostri risultati evidenziano come le MuSCs nel corso della vita presentino un'organizzazione cromatinica globale stabile, accompagnata da cambiamenti di solubilità che favoriscono processi come l'attivazione delle MuSCs, ma che possono diventare ostacoli durante l'invecchiamento per il corretto mantenimento del pool. Inoltre, descriviamo le alterazioni ambientali della nicchia muscolare, sottolineando una popolazione di supporto alle MuSCs, i progenitori fibroadipogenici (FAPs), che presentano drammatiche alterazioni trascrizionali durante l'invecchiamento. La nostra ampia caratterizzazione dell'ambiente e dell'organizzazione cromatinica delle MuSCs amplia la nostra conoscenza dei processi di quiescenza, attivazione e invecchiamento, ponendo le basi per lo studio del ruolo dell'epigenoma in condizioni patologiche.
(2023). Chromatin structure alterations modulate muscle niche functionality in chronological aging. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2023).
Chromatin structure alterations modulate muscle niche functionality in chronological aging
SANTARELLI, PHILINA ANNA
2023
Abstract
The correct 3D organization of the genome is known to influence the spatiotemporal expression of lineage-specific genes during stem cell differentiation and aging processes. We introduce a novel evolution of the SAMMY-seq technique to precisely map genomic regions separated by their biochemical properties. This single-handedly technique enables the identification of heterochromatic and euchromatic domains and their compartmentalization in the nuclear space. Crucial practical advantages of this method include: its applicability on as little as 10K cells; reduced costs; few manipulation steps and short execution time. In postnatal Muscle Stem Cells (MuSCs) we observed a reproducible distribution of euchromatic and heterochromatic genomic domains, in line with known epigenetic signatures. Our findings highlight how MuSCs over life exhibit a global steady chromatin organization, accompanied by solubility changes that favour processes such as MuSCs activation but may become obstacles during aging for proper pool maintenance. Still, we describe environmental alterations of the muscle niche, emphasizing a supportive population of MuSCs, namely Fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs), which exhibit dramatic transcriptional alterations during aging. Our extensive characterization of the environment and chromatin organization in MuSCs expands our understanding of quiescence, activation and aging processes, laying the groundwork for the study of the role of the epigenome in pathological conditions.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
---|---|---|---|
phd_unimib_849339.pdf
accesso aperto
Descrizione: Tesi
Tipologia di allegato:
Doctoral thesis
Dimensione
18.9 MB
Formato
Adobe PDF
|
18.9 MB | Adobe PDF | Visualizza/Apri |
I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.