Low-grade intestinal inflammation and alterations of gut barrier integrity are found in patients affected by extraintestinal autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), but a direct causal link between enteropathy and triggering of autoimmunity is yet to be established. Here, we found that onset of autoimmunity in preclinical models of T1D is associated with alterations of the mucus layer structure and loss of gut barrier integrity. Importantly, we showed that breakage of the gut barrier integrity in BDC2.5XNOD mice carrying a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a beta cell autoantigen leads to activation of islet-reactive T cells within the gut mucosa and onset of T1D. The intestinal activation of islet-reactive T cells requires the presence of gut microbiota and is abolished when mice are depleted of endogenous commensal microbiota by antibiotic treatment. Our results indicate that loss of gut barrier continuity can lead to activation of islet-specific T cells within the intestinal mucosa and to autoimmune diabetes and provide a strong rationale to design innovative therapeutic interventions in “at-risk” individuals aimed at restoring gut barrier integrity to prevent T1D occurrence.

Sorini, C., Cosorich, I., Lo Conte, M., De Giorgi, L., Facciotti, F., Lucianò, R., et al. (2019). Loss of gut barrier integrity triggers activation of islet-reactive T cells and autoimmune diabetes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 116(30), 15140-15149 [10.1073/pnas.1814558116].

Loss of gut barrier integrity triggers activation of islet-reactive T cells and autoimmune diabetes

Facciotti F;
2019

Abstract

Low-grade intestinal inflammation and alterations of gut barrier integrity are found in patients affected by extraintestinal autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), but a direct causal link between enteropathy and triggering of autoimmunity is yet to be established. Here, we found that onset of autoimmunity in preclinical models of T1D is associated with alterations of the mucus layer structure and loss of gut barrier integrity. Importantly, we showed that breakage of the gut barrier integrity in BDC2.5XNOD mice carrying a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) specific for a beta cell autoantigen leads to activation of islet-reactive T cells within the gut mucosa and onset of T1D. The intestinal activation of islet-reactive T cells requires the presence of gut microbiota and is abolished when mice are depleted of endogenous commensal microbiota by antibiotic treatment. Our results indicate that loss of gut barrier continuity can lead to activation of islet-specific T cells within the intestinal mucosa and to autoimmune diabetes and provide a strong rationale to design innovative therapeutic interventions in “at-risk” individuals aimed at restoring gut barrier integrity to prevent T1D occurrence.
Articolo in rivista - Articolo scientifico
autoimmune diabetes; microbiota; gut inflammation
English
2019
116
30
15140
15149
none
Sorini, C., Cosorich, I., Lo Conte, M., De Giorgi, L., Facciotti, F., Lucianò, R., et al. (2019). Loss of gut barrier integrity triggers activation of islet-reactive T cells and autoimmune diabetes. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, 116(30), 15140-15149 [10.1073/pnas.1814558116].
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/335295
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