In May 2018 the special commission of the Hague Conference on private international law has prepared a draft convention on recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments relating to civil and commercial matters, the so-called Judgments Project. The Draft will hopefully be adopted by the Conference during its Diplomatic Session in the Hague in summer 2019. The thesis, after examining the first works of the Conference in the field of jurisdiction and recognition of judgments, points out the difficulties encountered during the negotiations: first, the attempt of the Conference to reach an agreement upon the criteria of the different court systems of the countries involved. The significant diversities encountered did not lead to the hoped deal. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the recovery of the Conference works on the subject of recognition and enforcement of judgments from a global point of view. The present work highlights how the Conference in general and the Judgments Project in particular, could be considered as a new prospect of international judicial cooperation also in the relations between the European Union and the United Kingdom after «Brexit». Then, the thesis analyses the architecture and the scope of application envisaged by the Judgments Project, comparing the different models of conventions and pointing out the structure chosen by the negotiators: a simple convention frame, with indirect jurisdiction criteria. If these criteria are satisfied, they allow the recognition and the enforcement of judgments given by a court of other contracting states. Always in this legal frame, the argumentation goes on considering the judgments in the specific sectors that the Conference has decided to exclude from the Project. Accordingly, the Judgments Project shall not apply to matters such as privacy and defamation. The dissertation ponders also the resulting unsolved problems. The principle of mutual recognition of judgments is addressed as well, which is the principle according to which a judgment given by a court of a Contracting State shall be recognised and enforced in another Contracting State. The thesis tries to question the political and legal foundations of this principle, comparing it with EU law, which establishes not only the principle of free circulation of judgments, but also and foremost the four freedoms of the European Single Market (i.e. the free circulation of persons, goods, capital and services). Particular attention is paid to the indirect criteria of jurisdiction. In case these criteria are met, they allow recognition and enforcement of the judgments complying with the rules of the Project. Hence the essay analyses the circulation of judicial decisions relating to different contracts, as civil torts, consumer and employment contracts, and intellectual property with the aim to understand the global working principles and related problems. In the end the thesis considers the grounds for refusing recognition and enforcement of judgments, which allow to derogate from the principle of mutual recognition, such as the violation of the defendant’s rights of defense, fraud, public order and parallel proceedings. The thesis comes to conclusion looking to the future, questioning about the outlook of the success of the Convention and the possibilities, over the years, to reach a solid unification of the jurisdictional rules at the international level.

La Commissione speciale della Conferenza dell’Aia di diritto internazionale privato, nell’ultima seduta del maggio 2018, ha predisposto una bozza di convenzione relativa al riconoscimento e all’esecuzione delle sentenze straniere in materia civile e commerciale, il c.d. Judgments Project, il quale sarà auspicabilmente adottato nel corso della Sessione diplomatica che si svolgerà all’Aia nell’estate del 2019. Dopo aver esaminato i primi lavori della Conferenza in materia di giurisdizione e di riconoscimento delle decisioni, l’elaborato si sofferma sulle complessità e sulle criticità riscontrate durante la negoziazione – primo fra tutti il tentativo di conciliare i criteri giurisdizionali dei vari Paesi coinvolti – che non hanno consentito di raggiungere l’accordo auspicato. La tesi si focalizza quindi sulla ripresa dei lavori della Conferenza in tema di riconoscimento ed esecuzione delle decisioni a livello globale, evidenziando come la Conferenza in generale – e il c.d. Judgments Project in particolare – possano rappresentare una nuova prospettiva di cooperazione giudiziaria importante anche nell’ottica dei rapporti tra Unione europea e Regno Unito a seguito della «Brexit». La tesi prende quindi in esame l’architettura e l’ambito di applicazione proposti nel Judgments Project, mettendo a confronto i possibili modelli di convenzioni, per poi soffermarsi sulla struttura scelta dai redattori: quella di una convenzione semplice, la quale detta criteri di giurisdizione in via indiretta che, se rispettati, consentono il riconoscimento e l’esecuzione delle decisioni straniere. Nell’ambito di tale struttura, ci si concentra sulla circolazione delle decisioni in specifici settori, che la Commissione speciale ha proposto di escludere dall’ambito di applicazione del Progetto, quali la diffamazione e la privacy, soffermandosi sulle problematiche lasciate aperte dalla loro esclusione. L’elaborato si sofferma inoltre sul tema del mutuo riconoscimento, ossia di quel principio in forza del quale le decisioni di uno Stato contraente vengono riconosciute ed eseguite in un altro Stato contraente. Ci si interroga in particolare sul suo fondamento giuridico-politico, mettendolo a confronto con il principio di mutua fiducia delineatosi in ambito europeo, dove, oltre alla libera circolazione delle decisioni, vigono la libera circolazione di merci, persone, servizi e capitali. Particolare attenzione è dedicata ai criteri indiretti di giurisdizione i quali, se rispettati, consentono il riconoscimento e l’esecuzione delle decisioni ai sensi delle norme del Progetto. Viene quindi analizzata la circolazione delle decisioni riguardanti la materia contrattuale, gli illeciti civili, i contratti di consumo e di lavoro e la proprietà intellettuale, con l’intento di comprenderne il funzionamento operativo a livello globale ed evidenziarne le relative criticità. Infine, vengono affrontati i motivi di diniego del riconoscimento e dell’esecuzione che consentono di derogare al principio del mutuo riconoscimento, quali la violazione dei diritti di difesa del convenuto, la frode, l’ordine pubblico e il contrasto tra decisioni. La ricerca si conclude con lo sguardo rivolto al futuro, interrogandosi sulle prospettive di successo della convenzione e sulla possibilità di procedere, nel corso degli anni, verso l’unificazione delle norme giurisdizionali.

(2019). La circolazione delle decisioni a livello globale: il progetto di convenzione della Conferenza dell'Aia per il riconoscimento e l’esecuzione delle sentenze straniere.. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019).

La circolazione delle decisioni a livello globale: il progetto di convenzione della Conferenza dell'Aia per il riconoscimento e l’esecuzione delle sentenze straniere.

BALBI, FRANCESCA
2019

Abstract

In May 2018 the special commission of the Hague Conference on private international law has prepared a draft convention on recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments relating to civil and commercial matters, the so-called Judgments Project. The Draft will hopefully be adopted by the Conference during its Diplomatic Session in the Hague in summer 2019. The thesis, after examining the first works of the Conference in the field of jurisdiction and recognition of judgments, points out the difficulties encountered during the negotiations: first, the attempt of the Conference to reach an agreement upon the criteria of the different court systems of the countries involved. The significant diversities encountered did not lead to the hoped deal. Therefore, the thesis focuses on the recovery of the Conference works on the subject of recognition and enforcement of judgments from a global point of view. The present work highlights how the Conference in general and the Judgments Project in particular, could be considered as a new prospect of international judicial cooperation also in the relations between the European Union and the United Kingdom after «Brexit». Then, the thesis analyses the architecture and the scope of application envisaged by the Judgments Project, comparing the different models of conventions and pointing out the structure chosen by the negotiators: a simple convention frame, with indirect jurisdiction criteria. If these criteria are satisfied, they allow the recognition and the enforcement of judgments given by a court of other contracting states. Always in this legal frame, the argumentation goes on considering the judgments in the specific sectors that the Conference has decided to exclude from the Project. Accordingly, the Judgments Project shall not apply to matters such as privacy and defamation. The dissertation ponders also the resulting unsolved problems. The principle of mutual recognition of judgments is addressed as well, which is the principle according to which a judgment given by a court of a Contracting State shall be recognised and enforced in another Contracting State. The thesis tries to question the political and legal foundations of this principle, comparing it with EU law, which establishes not only the principle of free circulation of judgments, but also and foremost the four freedoms of the European Single Market (i.e. the free circulation of persons, goods, capital and services). Particular attention is paid to the indirect criteria of jurisdiction. In case these criteria are met, they allow recognition and enforcement of the judgments complying with the rules of the Project. Hence the essay analyses the circulation of judicial decisions relating to different contracts, as civil torts, consumer and employment contracts, and intellectual property with the aim to understand the global working principles and related problems. In the end the thesis considers the grounds for refusing recognition and enforcement of judgments, which allow to derogate from the principle of mutual recognition, such as the violation of the defendant’s rights of defense, fraud, public order and parallel proceedings. The thesis comes to conclusion looking to the future, questioning about the outlook of the success of the Convention and the possibilities, over the years, to reach a solid unification of the jurisdictional rules at the international level.
HONORATI, COSTANZA
riconoscimento; esecuzione; decisioni; conferenza dell'aia; internazionale
recognition; enforcement; judgments; hague conference; internazionale
IUS/14 - DIRITTO DELL'UNIONE EUROPEA
Italian
15-feb-2019
SCIENZE GIURIDICHE - 84R
31
2017/2018
open
(2019). La circolazione delle decisioni a livello globale: il progetto di convenzione della Conferenza dell'Aia per il riconoscimento e l’esecuzione delle sentenze straniere.. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019).
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
phd_unimib_810430.pdf

accesso aperto

Descrizione: tesi di dottorato
Dimensione 1.82 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
1.82 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10281/241225
Citazioni
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
Social impact