Energy storage systems are of high interest and in the last decades their demand grew exponentially. In particular mobile devices, Full and Hybrid Electric Vehicles and smart grids are looking for tailored solutions. Because of new energy efficiency and environmental guidelines, researchers are called to find new solutions for energy storage taking in account costs, availability and environmental impact. Nowadays inorganic materials for LIBs needs scarce and, occasionally, toxic elements. Furthermore, the production and process of mixed oxides materials involves energy-demanding fabrication routes. LIBs technology is at the pole since decades and big improvements were made mainly in the field of process and engineering optimization. No breakthrough technology seems to be close to enter the market in the next years. Organic materials offer different advantages over inorganic ones. E.g. they are easy to tailor and composed mainly of C, H, N, O and S, all abundant elements. It has been also reported that organics can be synthesized from reactants produced from biomass wastes. Among them all, pigments are cheap, crystal and insoluble. Another family of pigments is the one of Prussian Blue Analogues. Their affinity to either organic, because of the similarities with MOFs, or inorganic compounds is still debated. PBAs offer several advantages: cheapness, open framework structure and tailorable electrochemical properties. In this work, we are going to present the results of the studies realized on three different organic small molecule pigments, perylenediimide, Indanthrone and quinacridone, as well as two chromates based PBAs.
Negli ultimi decenni gli apparati per l’immagazzinamento dell’energia riscuotono elevato interesse e la loro richiesta è cresciuta esponenzialmente. In particolare i dispositivi mobili, gli autoveicoli sia elettrici sia ibridi e la nuova rete di distribuzione dell’energia elettrica richiedono soluzioni su misura che soddisfino le proprie esigenze. A seguito di nuovi regolamenti sull’efficienza energetica e ambientali, i ricercatori sono chiamati a sviluppare nuove soluzioni per lo stoccaggio dell’energia che tengano conto del costo, della disponibilità delle materie prime e dell’impatto ambientale. I materiali inorganici utilizzati oggi nelle batterie Litio-ione sono costituiti spesso da elementi rari e talvolta tossici. Inoltre, la produzione e la lavorazione degli ossidi misti richiede molta energia. Da diversi decenni, la tecnologia LIB è essenzialmente ferma e i miglioramenti sono arrivati principalmente dall’ottimizzazione del processo produttivo e al momento, non è attesa l’introduzione di nessuna nuova tecnologia innovativa. I materiali organici offrono diversi vantaggi rispetto agli omologhi inorganici: infatti sono semplici da modificare e sono costituiti da C, H, N, O e S, tutti elementi abbondanti. E’ noto inoltre che i materiali organici possano essere sintetizzati da precursori prodotti riciclando le biomasse. Fra tutti i composti organici, i pigmenti sono economici, cristallini e insolubili. Una famosa classe di pigmenti è quella degli analoghi del Blu di Prussia la cui appartenenza ai composti organici o inorganici è ancora dibattuta. I PBAs possiedono i seguenti vantaggi: convenienza, struttura cristallina 3D, facile ottimizzazione e stabilità. In questo lavoro presenteremo i risultati ottenuti dallo studio di tre differenti pigmenti organici, perylenediimmide, indantrone e chinacridone, e due PBAs contenenti esacianato di cromo.
(2017). Materiali Organici per l'Energia. (Tesi di dottorato, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2017).
Materiali Organici per l'Energia
SALAMONE, MATTEO MARCO
2017
Abstract
Energy storage systems are of high interest and in the last decades their demand grew exponentially. In particular mobile devices, Full and Hybrid Electric Vehicles and smart grids are looking for tailored solutions. Because of new energy efficiency and environmental guidelines, researchers are called to find new solutions for energy storage taking in account costs, availability and environmental impact. Nowadays inorganic materials for LIBs needs scarce and, occasionally, toxic elements. Furthermore, the production and process of mixed oxides materials involves energy-demanding fabrication routes. LIBs technology is at the pole since decades and big improvements were made mainly in the field of process and engineering optimization. No breakthrough technology seems to be close to enter the market in the next years. Organic materials offer different advantages over inorganic ones. E.g. they are easy to tailor and composed mainly of C, H, N, O and S, all abundant elements. It has been also reported that organics can be synthesized from reactants produced from biomass wastes. Among them all, pigments are cheap, crystal and insoluble. Another family of pigments is the one of Prussian Blue Analogues. Their affinity to either organic, because of the similarities with MOFs, or inorganic compounds is still debated. PBAs offer several advantages: cheapness, open framework structure and tailorable electrochemical properties. In this work, we are going to present the results of the studies realized on three different organic small molecule pigments, perylenediimide, Indanthrone and quinacridone, as well as two chromates based PBAs.File | Dimensione | Formato | |
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phd_unimib_040086.pdf
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Descrizione: tesi di dottorato
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